Much has been written and debated about Industrialization, as a concept, and as an implementation. If for years the definition of Construction Industrialization, surrounded only by a change in the product through modularization, and in the process, by the transfer of work to a controlled environment, would be sufficient, and numerous academic studies point in this direction; currently, it is no longer so. Such a definition is today dubbed as poorly developed, or incomplete [1]. A recent publication by dstgroup in the Journal of Construction Engineering and Management introduces a broader view of the paradigm, where the human, social, and behavioral dimensions, along with disruptive changes in the product, process, and supply chain, form part of a new understanding of Industrialization [2]. Moving towards Industrialization without knowing what it means will lead to mistakes, costs, anxiety, and exhaustion, and will be an additional challenge.  

        2. Ensuring operational excellence as a promising result of the Industrialization of the sector 

Industrialization implies Operational Excellence, and as Aristotle points out, “we are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit”. The incessant search for this Excellence has blurred the differences between building and producing, by, but not only, the Lean Philosophy, and by the principles of Industrial Management. If Industrialization implies a new way of conceiving buildings, it also implies a new way of producing them, and thus one of the biggest challenges of the industry arises: how to produce, guaranteeing excellence not only in terms of cost, but also in terms of organizational growth, quality of product, and delivery, ensuring always the motivation of workers? The supply chain plays a decisive role in this excellence, not only because of the way it is managed, but also how it is designed and synchronized. Stimulating cooperation between companies in the construction sector to promote the industrialization of construction is also one of the main themes for increasing the excellence of the industry. 

        3. Recognizing the profound importance of cooperation in business for Industrialization 

Thinking about Industrialization brings with it a whole new line of thought; and inherent to this, a collaboration between the parts, to reach a whole, is essential. The various entities and stakeholders have to align and strengthen relationships to encourage and implement modular construction. Innovation is essential; and depends on the synergies with others; Innovation, not only in the modular system itself, but also in its production, and in the way thatcompanies interconnect, through technology, and through their business relationships. Academia, too, appears in this construction of thought, but also of dissemination. Industrialization as a discipline must be part of the syllabus. Graduates have to come to companies with this knowledge. The challenge is also imposed at this level, at the academic level, and in the changes required to link theory and practice, academia and companies.  

        4. Instilling industrial thinking in builders  

A large percentage of new constructions still largely adopt the same typological solutions and technologies, as well as production methods developed almost a hundred years ago. Only recently have faster and higher quality systems been accepted. A gap between the way of thinking and the way of executing is notorious in professional practice, revealing the importance of rejoining paths in support of a transformation. The development of an architecture and engineering project based on a modular thinking logic, from its genesis, promotes the industrialization of construction. Modularization is a path to mass customization and a path to industrial thinking in builders. The module must be understood as part of a system that expands the possibilities of construction and integration between units. The term module brings together two concepts: that of the unit of measurement and of standardization. With the clear objective of raising the parameters of rationalization and quality from the initial design phase, to the production phase and to the final construction phase of the buildings.  

       5. Ensuring the industrialization of construction, but without reducing individuality, creativity and architectural freedom in the design of buildings  

While there is talk of increasing the level of rationalization in the construction sector, with all the inherent advantages, there is also talk of safeguarding the level of design freedom from an architectural point of view. The concept and purpose of modular construction intend to bring benefits from other industrial systems to the construction industry without distorting the aesthetic and flexibility component that Architects must have. The concept of flexibility was widely explored in architectural discourse, especially during the 20th century. According to Rem Koolhaas, “Flexibility is not the exhaustive anticipation of all possible changes. Most changes are unpredictable. (...) Flexibility is the creation of a capacity with a wide margin that enables different and even opposing interpretations and uses” [3]. Although modularization and prefabrication in architecture are traditionally associated with an idea of lack of flexibility and too much rigidity, today they incorporate an alternative response to ordinary conventional construction, breaking down concepts and stereotypes related to industrialized production. As Ryan Smith points out: “Three things you can depend on in architecture. Every new generation will rediscover the virtues of prefabs. Every new generation will rediscover the idea of stacking people up high. And every new generation will rediscover the virtues of subsidized housing to make cities more affordable. Combine all three —a holy trinity of architectural and social ideals” [4]. In this way, the elaboration and search for new construction systems, translates into a duty and obligation that arises in response to the current pursuit for social demands, quality, comfort, and fair, high and competitive safety and efficiency.